Fuel oil burner



Jam 314 @B A. Buss Z,27,7W

v FUEL OIL BURNER Filed Nov. 2s, 1952 5 sheets-sheet 1 Jam, M, E936., A Buss 2,027,77

FUEL OIL BURNER Filed iNov. 28, 1952 3 Sheets-Sheet 2 jm, M; i193@ A. Buss FUEL OIL BURNER Filfad Nov. 28, 1932 5 Sheets-Sheet 3 Patente-cl Jan. 14, 1936 UNITED STATES can? PATENT OFFICE FUEL OIL BURNER Application November 28, 1932, Serial No. 644,625

11 Claims.

My invention relates to fluid fuel burner devices for use in domestic ranges and elsewhere, particularly adapted to vaporize and burn oil in gaseous form.

The principal objects of my invention are to hasten the vaporization, and thus afford more complete combustion of the fuel; to improve the distribution of the vapor; to reduce the number of constituent parts; and to attain these ends in an inexpensive, compact and easily operable structure.

With the above and other objects and advantageous features in view, the invention consists in the parts and arrangement of parts more fully disclosed in the detailed description following, in

conjunction with the accompanying drawings, and more particularly defined in the claims appended hereto.

In the drawings,

Figure l is a front elevation of a burner embodying my invention, the upper portion being broken away,

Figure 2, ya plan View of the portion of the burner base shown in Figure 1, the tubes being shown in section,

Figures 3 and 4, sections taken on lines 3--3 and 4 4 respectively of Figure 2,V

Figure 5, a horizontal fragmentary section taken on line 5-5 of Figure 3.

Figure 6, a plan view of the burner cover,

Figure 7, a section taken on line I-l of Figure 2 with the addition of a wick interposed in the channel, and

Figure 8, a plan view of the base of a modiiied form of my invention.

Similar characters of reference indicate similar parts throughout the views.

lVIy device is herein shown arranged for convenient use in the fire box of a stove, but such use is not exclusive. A plurality of my burner devices may be employed in a single re box if necessary or desirable.

As shown my device includes a web, table, or base. I5 provided with a central fuel opening. I6 formed by the bore IT of a depending tubular boss i8 cast with the base and threaded, as at I9, to the upper end of a vertical pipe section 2`I Whose, lower end has an internal thread 23 to engage. the thread 24 of a detachable plug 25. In a lateral opening 26. in an intermediate portion of the section 2l is xed a threaded, nipple 21 for thev reception of a second pipe section 28 provided with a shut oli" valve 29 leading to a source of liquid fuel supply, not shown.

A depending attaclfiing lug 30' is. also cast with the base I5 adjacentl the boss I 8 to engage a standard 3l. The standard in this instance includes a horizontal arm 33 upon which the lug rests, and terminates in a hub 35 circularly adajustable by a set screw 36 upon a post 31 vertically adjustable by a screw 38 in a socket 39 upon a horizontal foot t9. The lug 30 is adjustable longitudinally of the arm 33 by a screw 44 in the lug passing through an oblong slot 45 in the arm 33.

Grouped around the opening I6, and rectangularly arranged relatively thereto are a plurality of, in this instance four, burner units 59 equidistant from the opening. Similar air orifices 52 formed in the base are respectively enclosed by each respective burner unit and are each diametrically traversed by a cross bar 53 integral with the base.

Each burner unit 50 includes a base portion 55 consisting of two concentric outer and inner vertical anges 56 and 51 respectively, forming therebetween an endless preferably annular vapor distributing channel or groove 59. At each side of the channel 59 the flanges are provided with annular cavities or seats-6I to receive the usual cylindrical outer and inner tubes or shells 63 and 64 respectively provided with the usual air perforations 65 and which constitute the body portion of the unit. The base portions and body portions of the unit cooperate to form a vapor or combustion chamber 6l, in which may be placed a wick if or when desired.

The exterior flanges 56 of adjacent units are preferably cast with their sides in peripheral interengagement with each other, as at 69, and thus is formed the four sides or walls of a vaporizing chamber ll, which is completed by a top 'I3 integral with upper portions of the outer burner unit anges 56, provided centrally with a threaded orifice 'i4 for the reception of a removable threaded plug 'l5 in vertical alignment with the fuel opening I6 and with the plug 25 whereby access is given for inspection, and for the use of a cleaning rod through the chamber II and the pipe section 2|.

Ducts 16 extend through the outer flanges 56 at each of the four angles of intersection of the vapor chamber walls, thus forming at each end of the four side walls of the vaporization chamber communicationwithtwo adjacent channels 59 through opposite resultant openings 'I'I although as shown in Fig. 8 they may project radially outwards from said vaporization chamber through said flanges 56 inte said grooves 59.

A Cover' for the burner consists of a single plate 18 resting upon the tops of the shells 63 and 64 of all the burner units 58, comprising four rectangularly arranged circular depressed portions 89 adapted to severally loosely extend into the unit shells 64. Arranged in the margin of the cover concentrically with each depressed portion is an annular series of holes 8|, each of which series registers with one of the combustion charnbers 61. In each series of holes is an enlarged hole 82 to accommodate the insertion of a taper or other lighting device. The plate 18 forms a top closure for a resultant auxiliary heating chamber 84, Whose sides are formed by the four shells 63 separated by slight interstices 88 Whereby air is admitted, heated, and then enters the outer shells of the units. Air entering the orifices 52 penetrates the inner shells of the units. While Wicks 81 are not necessary to the operat-ion of my device they may if desired be inserted in the channels 59 of the units. In Fig. 7 a unit is shown thus provided. l

To operate my burner the valve 29 is opened to admit a small amount of fuel oil through the pipe section 2| into the vaporization chamber H and in the channels 58 of the combustion chambers which partially fills both the chamber and channels. An inflammable priming liquid is next introduced into the combustion chamber in any convenient manner through the openings 82. The priming liquid is next ignited by a common inflammable liquid lighter likewise inserted through the openings 82 or in any other convenient manner, and the resulting heat from the combustion of the fuel in the combustion chambers 61 causes a general vaporization of the small amount of fuel in the vaporization chamber 'l I. After an interval of several minutes a steady flow of fuel oil is admitted through the supply pipe into the vapor chamber Where it is steadily vaporized and passes out into the several combustion chambers of the units.

It will be observed that by employing a cluster of units supplied by a common vaporization chamber the burner is still operative when one or more of the units are disabled.

The positioning of a group of burner units around al single external vaporization chamber, and the utilization of the external flanges of these units as Walls for the chambers, and the close proximity of the Walls to the fuel feed orifice occasioned by the convexity of the flanges forming the Walls, severally contribute to generate intense heat and quicken vaporization. Heat produced in chamber 84 by the chamber top 13 an-d by the adjacent shells S3 further contributes to the intensity of heat in this device.

In Figure 8 is shown a modification of my burner wherein three burner units only are employed, and vertical Walls or Webs 98 connect the base portions of the units. Herein the ducts 92 are disposed intermediate the lengths of the side Walls of the vaporization chamber substantially at the center thereo-f.

I claim:-

l. In a fuel oil burner, a base provided with a fuel opening, a plurality of burner units compris ing vertical concentric outer and inner flanges integral with the base and enclosing annular grooves arranged around the opening, the outer flanges being adjacent to each other to form at least portions of the side wall of a vaporization chamber and provided with openings connecting said grooves to said vaporization chamber, a top closure for the vaporization chamber, outer and inner perforated tubes seated upon said outer and inner flanges respectively, the outer tubes constituting the sides of an auxiliary heating chamber, and a closure for the auxiliary heating charnber directly above the vaporization chamber.

2. In a fuel oil burner, a base provided with '5 a fuel opening, a plurality of burner units coinprising vertical concentric outer and inner flanges integral With the base and enclosing annular grooves arranged around the opening, the outer flanges being adjacent to each other to form at lo least portions of the side Wall of a vaporization chamber and provided With openings connecting said grooves to said vaporization chamber, outer and inner perforated tubes seated upon said outer and inner flanges respectively and forming l with the grooves annular combustion chambers, the outer tubes forming the sides of an auxiliary heating chamber, a cover upon the tops of the outer and inner tubes extending over the top of the auxiliary heating chamber directly above 20 the vaporization chamber and circular depending portions in the cover registering in the tops of the inner tubes, said cover being provided with annular series of holes registering With the several combustion chambers.

3. In a. fluid fuel burner, an integral base member having a central enclosed vaporization chamber having a fuel opening, a plurality of endless fuel grooves arranged in succession around and outside of said vaporization chamber having inner and outer Walls, each outer Wall thereof forming at least a portion of the side Wall of the central vaporization chamber and vapor openings connecting said vaporization chamber with said fuel grooves.

4. In a fluid fuel burner, an integral base member having a central enclosed vaporization chamber having a fuel opening, a plurality of endless fuel grooves arranged in succession around and outside of said vaporization chamber substantially adjacent thereto and serving to radiate heat to convert liquid fuel in the vaporization chamber into vapor, radial vapor openings connecting said vaporization chamber with said fuel grooves, and air vents located centrally of and in between said grooves.

5. In a fluid fuel burner, an integral base member having a central enclosed vaporization chamber having a fuel opening, a plurality of endless fuel grooves arranged .in succession around and outside of said vaporization chamber substantially adjacent thereto and serving to radiate heat to convert liquid fuel in the vaporization chamber into vapor, and vapor openings connecting said vaporization chamber with said fuel grooves.

6. In a fluid fuel burner, an integral base member having a central enclosed vaporization chamber having a fuel opening, a plurality of endless fuel grooves arranged in succession around and 00 outside of said vaporization chamber and vapor ducts connecting said vaporization chamber with said fuel grooves.

7. In a fluid fuel burnery an integral base member having a central enclosed vaporization cham- 05 ber having a fuel opening, four endless fuel grooves arranged in square formation around and outside of said vaporization chamber substantially adjacent thereto and serving to radiate heat to convert liquid fuel in the vaporization chamber into vapor, and vapor openings connecting said fuel grooves with said vaporization chamber.

8. In a fluid fuel burner, an integral base member having a central enclosed vaporization chamber having a fuel opening, four endless fuel grooves arranged in square formation around and outside of said vaporization chamber and vapor ducts connecting said fuel grooves with said vaporization chamber.

9. In a fluid fuel burner, an integral base member having a central enclosed vaporlzation chamber having a fuel opening, four endless fuel grooves arranged in square formation around and outside of said vaporization chamber having inner and outer Walls, each outer Wall thereof forming at least a portion of the side Wall of the central vaporization chamber and vapor openings connecting said Vaporization chamber with said fuel grooves. v

10'. In a fluid fuel burner, an integral base member having a central enclosed vaporization chamber having a fuel opening, four endless fuel grooves arranged in square formation around and outside of said Vaporization chamber and having inner and outer iianges, vapor openings connecting said vaporization chamber with said fuel grooves, inner and outer perforated tubes seated upon said inner and outer flanges respectively and forming with the grooves annular combustion chambers, the outer tubes forming the sides of a centrally positioned auxiliary heating charnber and a cover on the tops of said tubes forming a closure for the auxiliary heating chamber directly above the vaporization chamber.

11. An oil burner comprising a single piece base with a plurality of Wick grooves spaced apart angularly in its upper face, a vaporizing chamber integral with the middle of the bottom of the base, said chamber being open to the several Wick grooves, removable closure means located above the opening from the vaporizing chamber, said closure means directing fuel from the vaporizing chamber to the several Wick grooves, pairs of perforated shells mounted on the base with the space between each pair open to a wick groove, and cover means on the top of the shells, said cover means having openings from the space be- 20 tween the pairs of shells.

ALBERT BLISS. 

